There were two different, unrelated Cat labels in the United States:
Cat Records (1950s) was a short-lived subsidiary of Atlantic Records, specializing in rhythm and blues music. It was founded in 1954 and issued only 18 singles (45rpm and 78rpm) over nearly two years before the label was discontinued. Its biggest hit was "Sh-Boom" by The Chords.
Cat Records (1970s) was a subsidiary of TK Productions whose flagship label was TK Records. It was owned by Henry Stone and Steve Alaimo and, like the unrelated 1950s label mentioned before, specialized in rhythm and blues. The label was started in 1969, and the first album was released in 1971. Cat was primarily a singles label and only about 15 albums were released before it was closed in 1980. The majority of its albums were by George & Gwen McCrae and Little Beaver.
first Cat label, CAT 711 only (1971)
second Cat label, 1600-series (1972 - 1974)
third Cat label, 2600-series (1974 - 1980)
78rpm Cat Label, Atlantic (1950s)